split tutorial into multiple pages
+ improve layout a bit
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website/src/pages/learn/mini-notation.mdx
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website/src/pages/learn/mini-notation.mdx
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---
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title: Mini Notation
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layout: ../../layouts/MainLayout.astro
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---
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import { MiniRepl } from '../../components/strudel/MiniRepl';
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import { JsDoc } from '../../components/strudel/JsDoc';
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# Mini Notation
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Similar to Tidal Cycles, Strudel has an embedded mini language that is designed to write rhythmic patterns in a short manner.
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Before diving deeper into the details, here is a flavor of how the mini language looks like:
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<MiniRepl
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client:idle
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tune={`note(\`[
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[
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[e5 [b4 c5] d5 [c5 b4]]
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[a4 [a4 c5] e5 [d5 c5]]
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[b4 [~ c5] d5 e5]
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[c5 a4 a4 ~]
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[[~ d5] [~ f5] a5 [g5 f5]]
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[e5 [~ c5] e5 [d5 c5]]
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[b4 [b4 c5] d5 e5]
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[c5 a4 a4 ~]
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],[
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[[e2 e3]*4]
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[[a2 a3]*4]
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[[g#2 g#3]*2 [e2 e3]*2]
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[a2 a3 a2 a3 a2 a3 b1 c2]
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[[d2 d3]*4]
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[[c2 c3]*4]
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[[b1 b2]*2 [e2 e3]*2]
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[[a1 a2]*4]
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]
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]/16\`)`}
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/>
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The snippet above is enclosed in backticks (`), which allows you to write multi-line strings.
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You can also use double quotes (") for single line mini notation.
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## Sequences
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We can play more notes by separating them with spaces:
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<MiniRepl client:only="react" tune={`note("e5 b4 d5 c5")`} />
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Here, those four notes are squashed into one cycle, so each note is a quarter second long.
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Try adding or removing notes and notice how the tempo changes!
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## Division
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We can slow the sequence down by enclosing it in brackets and dividing it by a number:
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<MiniRepl client:only="react" tune={`note("[e5 b4 d5 c5]/2")`} />
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The division by two means that the sequence will be played over the course of two cycles.
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You can also use decimal numbers for any tempo you like.
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## Angle Brackets
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Using angle brackets, we can define the sequence length based on the number of children:
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<MiniRepl client:only="react" tune={`note("<e5 b4 d5 c5>")`} />
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The above snippet is the same as:
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<MiniRepl client:only="react" tune={`note("[e5 b4 d5 c5]/4")`} />
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The advantage of the angle brackets, is that we can add more children without needing to change the number at the end.
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## Multiplication
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Contrary to division, a sequence can be sped up by multiplying it by a number:
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<MiniRepl client:only="react" tune={`note("[e5 b4 d5 c5]*2")`} />
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The multiplication by 2 here means that the sequence will play twice a cycle.
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## Bracket Nesting
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To create more interesting rhythms, you can nest sequences with brackets, like this:
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<MiniRepl client:only="react" tune={`note("e5 [b4 c5] d5 [c5 b4]")`} />
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## Rests
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The "~" represents a rest:
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<MiniRepl client:only="react" tune={`note("[b4 [~ c5] d5 e5]")`} />
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## Parallel
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Using commas, we can play chords:
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<MiniRepl client:only="react" tune={`note("g3,b3,e4")`} />
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To play multiple chords in a sequence, we have to wrap them in brackets:
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<MiniRepl client:only="react" tune={`note("<[g3,b3,e4] [a3,c3,e4] [b3,d3,f#4] [b3,e4,g4]>")`} />
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## Elongation
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With the "@" symbol, we can specify temporal "weight" of a sequence child:
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<MiniRepl client:only="react" tune={`note("<[g3,b3,e4]@2 [a3,c3,e4] [b3,d3,f#4]>")`} />
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Here, the first chord has a weight of 2, making it twice the length of the other chords. The default weight is 1.
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## Replication
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Using "!" we can repeat without speeding up:
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<MiniRepl client:only="react" tune={`note("<[g3,b3,e4]!2 [a3,c3,e4] [b3,d3,f#4]>")`} />
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In essence, the `x!n` is like a shortcut for `[x*n]@n`.
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## Euclidian
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Using round brackets, we can create rhythmical sub-divisions based on three parameters: beats, segments and offset.
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The first parameter controls how may beats will be played.
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The second parameter controls the total amount of segments the beats will be distributed over.
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The third (optional) parameter controls the starting position for distributing the beats.
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One popular Euclidian rhythm (going by various names, such as "Pop Clave") is "(3,8,0)" or simply "(3,8)",
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resulting in a rhythmical structure of "x ~ ~ x ~ ~ x ~" (3 beats over 8 segments, starting on position 1).
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<MiniRepl client:only="react" tune={`note("e5(2,8) b4(3,8) d5(2,8) c5(3,8)").slow(4)`} />
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