Merge branch 'main' into patterns-tab

packages/superdough/README.md

@@ -161,5 +161,6 @@ Then just make sure your first call of `superdough` happens after a click of som
 
 ## Credits
 
+- [ZZFX](https://github.com/KilledByAPixel/ZzFX) used for synths starting with z
 - [SuperDirt](https://github.com/musikinformatik/SuperDirt)
 - [WebDirt](https://github.com/dktr0/WebDirt)

packages/superdough/helpers.mjs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { getAudioContext } from './superdough.mjs';
+import { clamp } from './util.mjs';
 
 export function gainNode(value) {
   const node = getAudioContext().createGain();
@@ -6,17 +7,6 @@ export function gainNode(value) {
   return node;
 }
 
-export const getOscillator = ({ s, freq, t }) => {
-  // make oscillator
-  const o = getAudioContext().createOscillator();
-  o.type = s || 'triangle';
-  o.frequency.value = Number(freq);
-  o.start(t);
-  //o.stop(t + duration + release);
-  const stop = (time) => o.stop(time);
-  return { node: o, stop };
-};
-
 // alternative to getADSR returning the gain node and a stop handle to trigger the release anytime in the future
 export const getEnvelope = (attack, decay, sustain, release, velocity, begin) => {
   const gainNode = getAudioContext().createGain();
@@ -39,6 +29,22 @@ export const getEnvelope = (attack, decay, sustain, release, velocity, begin) =>
   };
 };
 
+export const getExpEnvelope = (attack, decay, sustain, release, velocity, begin) => {
+  sustain = Math.max(0.001, sustain);
+  velocity = Math.max(0.001, velocity);
+  const gainNode = getAudioContext().createGain();
+  gainNode.gain.setValueAtTime(0.0001, begin);
+  gainNode.gain.exponentialRampToValueAtTime(velocity, begin + attack);
+  gainNode.gain.exponentialRampToValueAtTime(sustain * velocity, begin + attack + decay);
+  return {
+    node: gainNode,
+    stop: (t) => {
+      // similar to getEnvelope, this will glitch if sustain level has not been reached
+      gainNode.gain.exponentialRampToValueAtTime(0.0001, t + release);
+    },
+  };
+};
+
 export const getADSR = (attack, decay, sustain, release, velocity, begin, end) => {
   const gainNode = getAudioContext().createGain();
   gainNode.gain.setValueAtTime(0, begin);
@@ -61,10 +67,48 @@ export const getADSR = (attack, decay, sustain, release, velocity, begin, end) =
   return gainNode;
 };
 
-export const getFilter = (type, frequency, Q) => {
-  const filter = getAudioContext().createBiquadFilter();
-  filter.type = type;
-  filter.frequency.value = frequency;
-  filter.Q.value = Q;
-  return filter;
+export const getParamADSR = (param, attack, decay, sustain, release, min, max, begin, end) => {
+  const range = max - min;
+  const peak = min + range;
+  const sustainLevel = min + sustain * range;
+  param.setValueAtTime(min, begin);
+  param.linearRampToValueAtTime(peak, begin + attack);
+  param.linearRampToValueAtTime(sustainLevel, begin + attack + decay);
+  param.setValueAtTime(sustainLevel, end);
+  param.linearRampToValueAtTime(min, end + Math.max(release, 0.1));
 };
+
+export function createFilter(
+  context,
+  type,
+  frequency,
+  Q,
+  attack,
+  decay,
+  sustain,
+  release,
+  fenv,
+  start,
+  end,
+  fanchor = 0.5,
+) {
+  const filter = context.createBiquadFilter();
+  filter.type = type;
+  filter.Q.value = Q;
+  filter.frequency.value = frequency;
+
+  // Apply ADSR to filter frequency
+  if (!isNaN(fenv) && fenv !== 0) {
+    const offset = fenv * fanchor;
+
+    const min = clamp(2 ** -offset * frequency, 0, 20000);
+    const max = clamp(2 ** (fenv - offset) * frequency, 0, 20000);
+
+    // console.log('min', min, 'max', max);
+
+    getParamADSR(filter.frequency, attack, decay, sustain, release, min, max, start, end);
+    return filter;
+  }
+
+  return filter;
+}

packages/superdough/index.mjs

@@ -8,4 +8,5 @@ export * from './superdough.mjs';
 export * from './sampler.mjs';
 export * from './helpers.mjs';
 export * from './synth.mjs';
+export * from './zzfx.mjs';
 export * from './logger.mjs';

packages/superdough/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "superdough",
-  "version": "0.9.5",
+  "version": "0.9.8",
   "description": "simple web audio synth and sampler intended for live coding. inspired by superdirt and webdirt.",
   "main": "index.mjs",
   "type": "module",

packages/superdough/sampler.mjs

@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ export const samples = async (sampleMap, baseUrl = sampleMap._base || '', option
 const cutGroups = [];
 
 export async function onTriggerSample(t, value, onended, bank, resolveUrl) {
-  const {
+  let {
     s,
     freq,
     unit,
@@ -208,7 +208,9 @@ export async function onTriggerSample(t, value, onended, bank, resolveUrl) {
     n = 0,
     note,
     speed = 1, // sample playback speed
+    loopBegin = 0,
     begin = 0,
+    loopEnd = 1,
     end = 1,
   } = value;
   // load sample
@@ -216,6 +218,7 @@ export async function onTriggerSample(t, value, onended, bank, resolveUrl) {
     // no playback
     return;
   }
+  loop = s.startsWith('wt_') ? 1 : value.loop;
   const ac = getAudioContext();
   // destructure adsr here, because the default should be different for synths and samples
   const { attack = 0.001, decay = 0.001, sustain = 1, release = 0.001 } = value;
@@ -243,19 +246,12 @@ export async function onTriggerSample(t, value, onended, bank, resolveUrl) {
   // rather than the current playback rate, so even if the sound is playing at twice its normal speed,
   // the midway point through a 10-second audio buffer is still 5."
   const offset = begin * bufferSource.buffer.duration;
-  bufferSource.start(time, offset);
-  const bufferDuration = bufferSource.buffer.duration / bufferSource.playbackRate.value;
-  /*if (loop) {
-    // TODO: idea for loopBegin / loopEnd
-    // if one of [loopBegin,loopEnd] is <= 1, interpret it as normlized
-    // if [loopBegin,loopEnd] is bigger >= 1, interpret it as sample number
-    // this will simplify perfectly looping things, while still keeping the normalized option
-    // the only drawback is that looping between samples 0 and 1 is not possible (which is not real use case)
+  if (loop) {
     bufferSource.loop = true;
-    bufferSource.loopStart = offset;
-    bufferSource.loopEnd = offset + duration;
-    duration = loop * duration;
-  }*/
+    bufferSource.loopStart = loopBegin * bufferSource.buffer.duration - offset;
+    bufferSource.loopEnd = loopEnd * bufferSource.buffer.duration - offset;
+  }
+  bufferSource.start(time, offset);
   const { node: envelope, stop: releaseEnvelope } = getEnvelope(attack, decay, sustain, release, 1, t);
   bufferSource.connect(envelope);
   const out = ac.createGain(); // we need a separate gain for the cutgroups because firefox...
@@ -266,9 +262,10 @@ export async function onTriggerSample(t, value, onended, bank, resolveUrl) {
     out.disconnect();
     onended();
   };
-  const stop = (endTime, playWholeBuffer = clip === undefined) => {
+  const stop = (endTime, playWholeBuffer = clip === undefined && loop === undefined) => {
     let releaseTime = endTime;
     if (playWholeBuffer) {
+      const bufferDuration = bufferSource.buffer.duration / bufferSource.playbackRate.value;
       releaseTime = t + (end - begin) * bufferDuration;
     }
     bufferSource.stop(releaseTime + release);

packages/superdough/superdough.mjs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import './reverb.mjs';
 import './vowel.mjs';
 import { clamp, nanFallback } from './util.mjs';
 import workletsUrl from './worklets.mjs?url';
-import { getFilter, gainNode } from './helpers.mjs';
+import { createFilter, gainNode } from './helpers.mjs';
 import { map } from 'nanostores';
 import { logger } from './logger.mjs';
 
@@ -121,6 +121,36 @@ function getReverb(orbit, duration = 2) {
   return reverbs[orbit];
 }
 
+export let analyser, analyserData /* s = {} */;
+export function getAnalyser(/* orbit,  */ fftSize = 2048) {
+  if (!analyser /*s [orbit] */) {
+    const analyserNode = getAudioContext().createAnalyser();
+    analyserNode.fftSize = fftSize;
+    // getDestination().connect(analyserNode);
+    analyser /* s[orbit] */ = analyserNode;
+    //analyserData = new Uint8Array(analyser.frequencyBinCount);
+    analyserData = new Float32Array(analyser.frequencyBinCount);
+  }
+  if (analyser /* s[orbit] */.fftSize !== fftSize) {
+    analyser /* s[orbit] */.fftSize = fftSize;
+    //analyserData = new Uint8Array(analyser.frequencyBinCount);
+    analyserData = new Float32Array(analyser.frequencyBinCount);
+  }
+  return analyser /* s[orbit] */;
+}
+
+export function getAnalyzerData(type = 'time') {
+  const getter = {
+    time: () => analyser?.getFloatTimeDomainData(analyserData),
+    frequency: () => analyser?.getFloatFrequencyData(analyserData),
+  }[type];
+  if (!getter) {
+    throw new Error(`getAnalyzerData: ${type} not supported. use one of ${Object.keys(getter).join(', ')}`);
+  }
+  getter();
+  return analyserData;
+}
+
 function effectSend(input, effect, wet) {
   const send = gainNode(wet);
   input.connect(send);
@@ -137,6 +167,8 @@ export const superdough = async (value, deadline, hapDuration) => {
     );
   }
 
+  // duration is passed as value too..
+  value.duration = hapDuration;
   // calculate absolute time
   let t = ac.currentTime + deadline;
   // destructure
@@ -145,14 +177,32 @@ export const superdough = async (value, deadline, hapDuration) => {
     bank,
     source,
     gain = 0.8,
+    // filters
+    ftype = '12db',
+    fanchor = 0.5,
     // low pass
     cutoff,
+    lpenv,
+    lpattack = 0.01,
+    lpdecay = 0.01,
+    lpsustain = 1,
+    lprelease = 0.01,
     resonance = 1,
     // high pass
+    hpenv,
     hcutoff,
+    hpattack = 0.01,
+    hpdecay = 0.01,
+    hpsustain = 1,
+    hprelease = 0.01,
     hresonance = 1,
     // band pass
+    bpenv,
     bandf,
+    bpattack = 0.01,
+    bpdecay = 0.01,
+    bpsustain = 1,
+    bprelease = 0.01,
     bandq = 1,
     //
     coarse,
@@ -167,6 +217,8 @@ export const superdough = async (value, deadline, hapDuration) => {
     room,
     size = 2,
     velocity = 1,
+    analyze, // analyser wet
+    fft = 8, // fftSize 0 - 10
   } = value;
   gain = nanFallback(gain, 1);
   gain *= velocity; // legacy fix for velocity
@@ -206,11 +258,76 @@ export const superdough = async (value, deadline, hapDuration) => {
   // gain stage
   chain.push(gainNode(gain));
 
-  // filters
-  cutoff !== undefined && chain.push(getFilter('lowpass', cutoff, resonance));
-  hcutoff !== undefined && chain.push(getFilter('highpass', hcutoff, hresonance));
-  bandf !== undefined && chain.push(getFilter('bandpass', bandf, bandq));
-  vowel !== undefined && chain.push(ac.createVowelFilter(vowel));
+  if (cutoff !== undefined) {
+    let lp = () =>
+      createFilter(
+        ac,
+        'lowpass',
+        cutoff,
+        resonance,
+        lpattack,
+        lpdecay,
+        lpsustain,
+        lprelease,
+        lpenv,
+        t,
+        t + hapDuration,
+        fanchor,
+      );
+    chain.push(lp());
+    if (ftype === '24db') {
+      chain.push(lp());
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (hcutoff !== undefined) {
+    let hp = () =>
+      createFilter(
+        ac,
+        'highpass',
+        hcutoff,
+        hresonance,
+        hpattack,
+        hpdecay,
+        hpsustain,
+        hprelease,
+        hpenv,
+        t,
+        t + hapDuration,
+        fanchor,
+      );
+    chain.push(hp());
+    if (ftype === '24db') {
+      chain.push(hp());
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (bandf !== undefined) {
+    let bp = () =>
+      createFilter(
+        ac,
+        'bandpass',
+        bandf,
+        bandq,
+        bpattack,
+        bpdecay,
+        bpsustain,
+        bprelease,
+        bpenv,
+        t,
+        t + hapDuration,
+        fanchor,
+      );
+    chain.push(bp());
+    if (ftype === '24db') {
+      chain.push(bp());
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (vowel !== undefined) {
+    const vowelFilter = ac.createVowelFilter(vowel);
+    chain.push(vowelFilter);
+  }
 
   // effects
   coarse !== undefined && chain.push(getWorklet(ac, 'coarse-processor', { coarse }));
@@ -242,12 +359,19 @@ export const superdough = async (value, deadline, hapDuration) => {
     reverbSend = effectSend(post, reverbNode, room);
   }
 
+  // analyser
+  let analyserSend;
+  if (analyze) {
+    const analyserNode = getAnalyser(/* orbit,  */ 2 ** (fft + 5));
+    analyserSend = effectSend(post, analyserNode, analyze);
+  }
+
   // connect chain elements together
   chain.slice(1).reduce((last, current) => last.connect(current), chain[0]);
 
   // toDisconnect = all the node that should be disconnected in onended callback
   // this is crucial for performance
-  toDisconnect = chain.concat([delaySend, reverbSend]);
+  toDisconnect = chain.concat([delaySend, reverbSend, analyserSend]);
 };
 
 export const superdoughTrigger = (t, hap, ct, cps) => superdough(hap, t - ct, hap.duration / cps, cps);

packages/superdough/synth.mjs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { midiToFreq, noteToMidi } from './util.mjs';
 import { registerSound, getAudioContext } from './superdough.mjs';
-import { getOscillator, gainNode, getEnvelope } from './helpers.mjs';
+import { gainNode, getEnvelope, getExpEnvelope } from './helpers.mjs';
 
 const mod = (freq, range = 1, type = 'sine') => {
   const ctx = getAudioContext();
@@ -26,37 +26,75 @@ export function registerSynthSounds() {
       wave,
       (t, value, onended) => {
         // destructure adsr here, because the default should be different for synths and samples
-        const {
+        let {
           attack = 0.001,
           decay = 0.05,
           sustain = 0.6,
           release = 0.01,
           fmh: fmHarmonicity = 1,
           fmi: fmModulationIndex,
+          fmenv: fmEnvelopeType = 'lin',
+          fmattack: fmAttack,
+          fmdecay: fmDecay,
+          fmsustain: fmSustain,
+          fmrelease: fmRelease,
+          fmvelocity: fmVelocity,
+          fmwave: fmWaveform = 'sine',
+          vib = 0,
+          vibmod = 0.5,
         } = value;
         let { n, note, freq } = value;
         // with synths, n and note are the same thing
-        n = note || n || 36;
-        if (typeof n === 'string') {
-          n = noteToMidi(n); // e.g. c3 => 48
+        note = note || 36;
+        if (typeof note === 'string') {
+          note = noteToMidi(note); // e.g. c3 => 48
         }
         // get frequency
-        if (!freq && typeof n === 'number') {
-          freq = midiToFreq(n); // + 48);
+        if (!freq && typeof note === 'number') {
+          freq = midiToFreq(note); // + 48);
         }
         // maybe pull out the above frequency resolution?? (there is also getFrequency but it has no default)
         // make oscillator
-        const { node: o, stop } = getOscillator({ t, s: wave, freq });
+        const { node: o, stop } = getOscillator({
+          t,
+          s: wave,
+          freq,
+          vib,
+          vibmod,
+          partials: n,
+        });
 
-        let stopFm;
+        // FM + FM envelope
+        let stopFm, fmEnvelope;
         if (fmModulationIndex) {
-          const { node: modulator, stop } = fm(o, fmHarmonicity, fmModulationIndex);
-          modulator.connect(o.frequency);
+          const { node: modulator, stop } = fm(o, fmHarmonicity, fmModulationIndex, fmWaveform);
+          if (![fmAttack, fmDecay, fmSustain, fmRelease, fmVelocity].find((v) => v !== undefined)) {
+            // no envelope by default
+            modulator.connect(o.frequency);
+          } else {
+            fmAttack = fmAttack ?? 0.001;
+            fmDecay = fmDecay ?? 0.001;
+            fmSustain = fmSustain ?? 1;
+            fmRelease = fmRelease ?? 0.001;
+            fmVelocity = fmVelocity ?? 1;
+            fmEnvelope = getEnvelope(fmAttack, fmDecay, fmSustain, fmRelease, fmVelocity, t);
+            if (fmEnvelopeType === 'exp') {
+              fmEnvelope = getExpEnvelope(fmAttack, fmDecay, fmSustain, fmRelease, fmVelocity, t);
+              fmEnvelope.node.maxValue = fmModulationIndex * 2;
+              fmEnvelope.node.minValue = 0.00001;
+            }
+            modulator.connect(fmEnvelope.node);
+            fmEnvelope.node.connect(o.frequency);
+          }
           stopFm = stop;
         }
+
+        // turn down
         const g = gainNode(0.3);
-        // envelope
+
+        // gain envelope
         const { node: envelope, stop: releaseEnvelope } = getEnvelope(attack, decay, sustain, release, 1, t);
+
         o.onended = () => {
           o.disconnect();
           g.disconnect();
@@ -66,6 +104,7 @@ export function registerSynthSounds() {
           node: o.connect(g).connect(envelope),
           stop: (releaseTime) => {
             releaseEnvelope(releaseTime);
+            fmEnvelope?.stop(releaseTime);
             let end = releaseTime + release;
             stop(end);
             stopFm?.(end);
@@ -76,3 +115,67 @@ export function registerSynthSounds() {
     );
   });
 }
+
+export function waveformN(partials, type) {
+  const real = new Float32Array(partials + 1);
+  const imag = new Float32Array(partials + 1);
+  const ac = getAudioContext();
+  const osc = ac.createOscillator();
+
+  const amplitudes = {
+    sawtooth: (n) => 1 / n,
+    square: (n) => (n % 2 === 0 ? 0 : 1 / n),
+    triangle: (n) => (n % 2 === 0 ? 0 : 1 / (n * n)),
+  };
+
+  if (!amplitudes[type]) {
+    throw new Error(`unknown wave type ${type}`);
+  }
+
+  real[0] = 0; // dc offset
+  imag[0] = 0;
+  let n = 1;
+  while (n <= partials) {
+    real[n] = amplitudes[type](n);
+    imag[n] = 0;
+    n++;
+  }
+
+  const wave = ac.createPeriodicWave(real, imag);
+  osc.setPeriodicWave(wave);
+  return osc;
+}
+
+export function getOscillator({ s, freq, t, vib, vibmod, partials }) {
+  // Make oscillator with partial count
+  let o;
+  if (!partials || s === 'sine') {
+    o = getAudioContext().createOscillator();
+    o.type = s || 'triangle';
+  } else {
+    o = waveformN(partials, s);
+  }
+  o.frequency.value = Number(freq);
+  o.start(t);
+
+  // Additional oscillator for vibrato effect
+  let vibrato_oscillator;
+  if (vib > 0) {
+    vibrato_oscillator = getAudioContext().createOscillator();
+    vibrato_oscillator.frequency.value = vib;
+    const gain = getAudioContext().createGain();
+    // Vibmod is the amount of vibrato, in semitones
+    gain.gain.value = vibmod * 100;
+    vibrato_oscillator.connect(gain);
+    gain.connect(o.detune);
+    vibrato_oscillator.start(t);
+  }
+
+  return {
+    node: o,
+    stop: (time) => {
+      vibrato_oscillator?.stop(time);
+      o.stop(time);
+    },
+  };
+}

packages/superdough/zzfx.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+//import { ZZFX } from 'zzfx';
+import { midiToFreq, noteToMidi } from './util.mjs';
+import { registerSound, getAudioContext } from './superdough.mjs';
+import { buildSamples } from './zzfx_fork.mjs';
+
+export const getZZFX = (value, t) => {
+  let {
+    s,
+    note = 36,
+    freq,
+    //
+    zrand = 0,
+    attack = 0,
+    decay = 0,
+    sustain = 0.8,
+    release = 0.1,
+    curve = 1,
+    slide = 0,
+    deltaSlide = 0,
+    pitchJump = 0,
+    pitchJumpTime = 0,
+    lfo = 0,
+    noise = 0,
+    zmod = 0,
+    zcrush = 0,
+    zdelay = 0,
+    tremolo = 0,
+    duration = 0.2,
+    zzfx,
+  } = value;
+  const sustainTime = Math.max(duration - attack - decay, 0);
+  if (typeof note === 'string') {
+    note = noteToMidi(note); // e.g. c3 => 48
+  }
+  // get frequency
+  if (!freq && typeof note === 'number') {
+    freq = midiToFreq(note);
+  }
+  s = s.replace('z_', '');
+  const shape = ['sine', 'triangle', 'sawtooth', 'tan', 'noise'].indexOf(s) || 0;
+  curve = s === 'square' ? 0 : curve;
+
+  const params = zzfx || [
+    0.25, // volume
+    zrand,
+    freq,
+    attack,
+    sustainTime,
+    release,
+    shape,
+    curve,
+    slide,
+    deltaSlide,
+    pitchJump,
+    pitchJumpTime,
+    lfo,
+    noise,
+    zmod,
+    zcrush,
+    zdelay,
+    sustain, // sustain volume!
+    decay,
+    tremolo,
+  ];
+  // console.log(redableZZFX(params));
+
+  const samples = /* ZZFX. */ buildSamples(...params);
+  const context = getAudioContext();
+  const buffer = context.createBuffer(1, samples.length, context.sampleRate);
+  buffer.getChannelData(0).set(samples);
+  const source = getAudioContext().createBufferSource();
+  source.buffer = buffer;
+  source.start(t);
+  return {
+    node: source,
+  };
+};
+
+export function registerZZFXSounds() {
+  ['zzfx', 'z_sine', 'z_sawtooth', 'z_triangle', 'z_square', 'z_tan', 'z_noise'].forEach((wave) => {
+    registerSound(
+      wave,
+      (t, value, onended) => {
+        const { node: o } = getZZFX({ s: wave, ...value }, t);
+        o.onended = () => {
+          o.disconnect();
+          onended();
+        };
+        return {
+          node: o,
+          stop: () => {},
+        };
+      },
+      { type: 'synth', prebake: true },
+    );
+  });
+}
+
+// just for debugging
+function redableZZFX(params) {
+  const paramOrder = [
+    'volume',
+    'zrand',
+    'frequency',
+    'attack',
+    'sustain',
+    'release',
+    'shape',
+    'curve',
+    'slide',
+    'deltaSlide',
+    'pitchJump',
+    'pitchJumpTime',
+    'lfo',
+    'noise',
+    'zmod',
+    'zcrush',
+    'zdelay',
+    'sustainVolume',
+    'decay',
+    'tremolo',
+  ];
+  return Object.fromEntries(paramOrder.map((param, i) => [param, params[i]]));
+}

packages/superdough/zzfx_fork.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+import { getAudioContext } from './superdough.mjs';
+
+// https://github.com/KilledByAPixel/ZzFX/blob/master/ZzFX.js#L85C5-L180C6
+// changes: replaced this.volume with 1 + using sampleRate from getAudioContext()
+export function buildSamples(
+  volume = 1,
+  randomness = 0.05,
+  frequency = 220,
+  attack = 0,
+  sustain = 0,
+  release = 0.1,
+  shape = 0,
+  shapeCurve = 1,
+  slide = 0,
+  deltaSlide = 0,
+  pitchJump = 0,
+  pitchJumpTime = 0,
+  repeatTime = 0,
+  noise = 0,
+  modulation = 0,
+  bitCrush = 0,
+  delay = 0,
+  sustainVolume = 1,
+  decay = 0,
+  tremolo = 0,
+) {
+  // init parameters
+  let PI2 = Math.PI * 2,
+    sampleRate = getAudioContext().sampleRate,
+    sign = (v) => (v > 0 ? 1 : -1),
+    startSlide = (slide *= (500 * PI2) / sampleRate / sampleRate),
+    startFrequency = (frequency *= ((1 + randomness * 2 * Math.random() - randomness) * PI2) / sampleRate),
+    b = [],
+    t = 0,
+    tm = 0,
+    i = 0,
+    j = 1,
+    r = 0,
+    c = 0,
+    s = 0,
+    f,
+    length;
+
+  // scale by sample rate
+  attack = attack * sampleRate + 9; // minimum attack to prevent pop
+  decay *= sampleRate;
+  sustain *= sampleRate;
+  release *= sampleRate;
+  delay *= sampleRate;
+  deltaSlide *= (500 * PI2) / sampleRate ** 3;
+  modulation *= PI2 / sampleRate;
+  pitchJump *= PI2 / sampleRate;
+  pitchJumpTime *= sampleRate;
+  repeatTime = (repeatTime * sampleRate) | 0;
+
+  // generate waveform
+  for (length = (attack + decay + sustain + release + delay) | 0; i < length; b[i++] = s) {
+    if (!(++c % ((bitCrush * 100) | 0))) {
+      // bit crush
+      s = shape
+        ? shape > 1
+          ? shape > 2
+            ? shape > 3 // wave shape
+              ? Math.sin((t % PI2) ** 3) // 4 noise
+              : Math.max(Math.min(Math.tan(t), 1), -1) // 3 tan
+            : 1 - (((((2 * t) / PI2) % 2) + 2) % 2) // 2 saw
+          : 1 - 4 * Math.abs(Math.round(t / PI2) - t / PI2) // 1 triangle
+        : Math.sin(t); // 0 sin
+
+      s =
+        (repeatTime
+          ? 1 - tremolo + tremolo * Math.sin((PI2 * i) / repeatTime) // tremolo
+          : 1) *
+        sign(s) *
+        Math.abs(s) ** shapeCurve * // curve 0=square, 2=pointy
+        volume *
+        1 * // envelope
+        (i < attack
+          ? i / attack // attack
+          : i < attack + decay // decay
+          ? 1 - ((i - attack) / decay) * (1 - sustainVolume) // decay falloff
+          : i < attack + decay + sustain // sustain
+          ? sustainVolume // sustain volume
+          : i < length - delay // release
+          ? ((length - i - delay) / release) * // release falloff
+            sustainVolume // release volume
+          : 0); // post release
+
+      s = delay
+        ? s / 2 +
+          (delay > i
+            ? 0 // delay
+            : ((i < length - delay ? 1 : (length - i) / delay) * // release delay
+                b[(i - delay) | 0]) /
+              2)
+        : s; // sample delay
+    }
+
+    f =
+      (frequency += slide += deltaSlide) * // frequency
+      Math.cos(modulation * tm++); // modulation
+    t += f - f * noise * (1 - (((Math.sin(i) + 1) * 1e9) % 2)); // noise
+
+    if (j && ++j > pitchJumpTime) {
+      // pitch jump
+      frequency += pitchJump; // apply pitch jump
+      startFrequency += pitchJump; // also apply to start
+      j = 0; // stop pitch jump time
+    }
+
+    if (repeatTime && !(++r % repeatTime)) {
+      // repeat
+      frequency = startFrequency; // reset frequency
+      slide = startSlide; // reset slide
+      j ||= 1; // reset pitch jump time
+    }
+  }
+
+  return b;
+}