import { createHash, createPrivateKey, createPublicKey, generateKeyPairSync, randomBytes, sign, verify, type JsonWebKey, type KeyObject } from "node:crypto";
import { link, mkdir, readFile, unlink, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
import { join } from "node:path";
import type { SealedCredential } from "../vault/vault.js";

/**
 * ES256 signing keys for the Hub's OIDC issuer.
 *
 * KEY MANAGEMENT CHOICE. The Hub's existing pattern for secret material is the
 * vault envelope (SUPERPOSTER_KEK wraps a fresh DEK, AES-256-GCM, AAD-bound).
 * The keyset is a single small blob, so it is sealed with that same envelope
 * and written to OIDC_KEY_DIR (a volume next to the API's data) instead of a
 * new Postgres table: no migration, and the file alone is useless without the
 * KEK. The private key is generated on first boot, never leaves this process
 * unsealed, and is never logged.
 *
 * First boot is race-safe: the sealed blob is written to a temp file and
 * hard-linked into place, which fails with EEXIST if another process won —
 * the loser re-reads the winner's keyset, so every replica signs with one key.
 *
 * The keyset holds a LIST of keys (newest signs, all are published in JWKS) so
 * rotation can be added without a format change; phase 1 never rotates.
 */

/** The vault surface the keyring needs; `Vault` satisfies it, tests pass a fake. */
export interface KeySealer {
  seal(workspaceId: string, credentialId: string, plaintext: Buffer): Promise<SealedCredential>;
  open(workspaceId: string, credentialId: string, sealed: SealedCredential): Promise<Buffer>;
}

/** Where the sealed keyset lives. `createExclusive` returns false if it already exists. */
export interface OidcKeyStore {
  read(): Promise<Buffer | null>;
  createExclusive(blob: Buffer): Promise<boolean>;
}

/** AAD for the vault envelope — binds the blob to its purpose. */
const SEAL_SCOPE = "hub-oidc";
const SEAL_ID = "signing-keyset";
const FILE_FORMAT = "tmbh-oidc-keyset/v1";
const KEYSET_FILE = "keyset.sealed.json";

export class FileKeyStore implements OidcKeyStore {
  constructor(private readonly dir: string) {}

  async read(): Promise<Buffer | null> {
    try {
      return await readFile(join(this.dir, KEYSET_FILE));
    } catch (err) {
      if ((err as NodeJS.ErrnoException).code === "ENOENT") return null;
      throw err;
    }
  }

  async createExclusive(blob: Buffer): Promise<boolean> {
    await mkdir(this.dir, { recursive: true, mode: 0o700 });
    const temp = join(this.dir, `.${KEYSET_FILE}.${randomBytes(6).toString("hex")}.tmp`);
    await writeFile(temp, blob, { mode: 0o600, flag: "wx" });
    try {
      await link(temp, join(this.dir, KEYSET_FILE));
      return true;
    } catch (err) {
      if ((err as NodeJS.ErrnoException).code === "EEXIST") return false;
      throw err;
    } finally {
      await unlink(temp).catch(() => undefined);
    }
  }
}

interface StoredKey {
  kid: string;
  createdAt: number;
  privateJwk: JsonWebKey;
}

interface Keyset {
  keys: StoredKey[];
}

interface LoadedKey {
  kid: string;
  privateKey: KeyObject;
  publicKey: KeyObject;
  publicJwk: PublicJwk;
}

export interface PublicJwk {
  kty: "EC";
  crv: "P-256";
  x: string;
  y: string;
  kid: string;
  use: "sig";
  alg: "ES256";
}

export class OidcKeyError extends Error {}

function b64json(value: unknown): string {
  return Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(value), "utf8").toString("base64url");
}

/** RFC 7638 thumbprint — a stable kid derived from the public key alone. */
function thumbprint(jwk: JsonWebKey): string {
  const canonical = JSON.stringify({ crv: jwk.crv, kty: jwk.kty, x: jwk.x, y: jwk.y });
  return createHash("sha256").update(canonical).digest("base64url");
}

function loadKey(stored: StoredKey): LoadedKey {
  const privateKey = createPrivateKey({ key: stored.privateJwk, format: "jwk" });
  const publicKey = createPublicKey(privateKey);
  const jwk = publicKey.export({ format: "jwk" });
  if (jwk.kty !== "EC" || jwk.crv !== "P-256" || typeof jwk.x !== "string" || typeof jwk.y !== "string") {
    throw new OidcKeyError("keyset holds a key that is not P-256");
  }
  if (thumbprint(jwk) !== stored.kid) throw new OidcKeyError("keyset kid does not match its key");
  return { kid: stored.kid, privateKey, publicKey, publicJwk: { kty: "EC", crv: "P-256", x: jwk.x, y: jwk.y, kid: stored.kid, use: "sig", alg: "ES256" } };
}

function newKey(now: number): StoredKey {
  const { privateKey } = generateKeyPairSync("ec", { namedCurve: "P-256" });
  const privateJwk = privateKey.export({ format: "jwk" });
  return { kid: thumbprint(privateJwk), createdAt: now, privateJwk };
}

async function sealKeyset(sealer: KeySealer, keyset: Keyset): Promise<Buffer> {
  const sealed = await sealer.seal(SEAL_SCOPE, SEAL_ID, Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(keyset), "utf8"));
  return Buffer.from(JSON.stringify({ format: FILE_FORMAT, keyVersion: sealed.keyVersion, ciphertext: sealed.ciphertext.toString("base64") }), "utf8");
}

async function openKeyset(sealer: KeySealer, blob: Buffer): Promise<Keyset> {
  let envelope: { format?: unknown; keyVersion?: unknown; ciphertext?: unknown };
  try {
    envelope = JSON.parse(blob.toString("utf8")) as typeof envelope;
  } catch {
    throw new OidcKeyError("keyset file is not valid JSON");
  }
  if (envelope.format !== FILE_FORMAT || typeof envelope.keyVersion !== "number" || typeof envelope.ciphertext !== "string") {
    throw new OidcKeyError("keyset file has an unknown format");
  }
  let plaintext: Buffer;
  try {
    plaintext = await sealer.open(SEAL_SCOPE, SEAL_ID, { keyVersion: envelope.keyVersion, ciphertext: Buffer.from(envelope.ciphertext, "base64") });
  } catch {
    // Wrong SUPERPOSTER_KEK or a tampered file. Never generate a replacement
    // silently: that would invalidate every token oCIS holds.
    throw new OidcKeyError("keyset could not be unsealed (SUPERPOSTER_KEK changed or file corrupted)");
  }
  const keyset = JSON.parse(plaintext.toString("utf8")) as Keyset;
  if (!Array.isArray(keyset.keys) || keyset.keys.length === 0) throw new OidcKeyError("keyset is empty");
  return keyset;
}

/** Loaded signing keys. The newest key signs; JWKS publishes all of them. */
export class OidcKeyring {
  private constructor(private readonly keys: readonly LoadedKey[]) {}

  /** Load the persisted keyset, generating and persisting one on first boot. */
  static async open(store: OidcKeyStore, sealer: KeySealer, nowSeconds = Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000)): Promise<OidcKeyring> {
    let blob = await store.read();
    if (blob === null) {
      const fresh = await sealKeyset(sealer, { keys: [newKey(nowSeconds)] });
      // Lost the first-boot race: fall through and read the winner's keyset.
      blob = (await store.createExclusive(fresh)) ? fresh : await store.read();
      if (blob === null) throw new OidcKeyError("keyset vanished after creation");
    }
    const keyset = await openKeyset(sealer, blob);
    const keys = [...keyset.keys].sort((a, b) => b.createdAt - a.createdAt).map(loadKey);
    return new OidcKeyring(keys);
  }

  get signingKid(): string {
    return this.keys[0]!.kid;
  }

  jwks(): { keys: PublicJwk[] } {
    return { keys: this.keys.map((key) => ({ ...key.publicJwk })) };
  }

  /** Compact JWS, ES256 (raw r||s signature per RFC 7518 §3.4). */
  sign(payload: Record<string, unknown>, typ = "JWT"): string {
    const key = this.keys[0]!;
    const signingInput = `${b64json({ alg: "ES256", typ, kid: key.kid })}.${b64json(payload)}`;
    const signature = sign("sha256", Buffer.from(signingInput), { key: key.privateKey, dsaEncoding: "ieee-p1363" });
    return `${signingInput}.${signature.toString("base64url")}`;
  }

  /** Signature-checked header + payload, or null. Claim checks are the caller's job. */
  verify(token: string): { header: Record<string, unknown>; payload: Record<string, unknown> } | null {
    const parts = token.split(".");
    if (parts.length !== 3) return null;
    const [rawHeader, rawPayload, rawSignature] = parts as [string, string, string];
    let header: Record<string, unknown>;
    let payload: Record<string, unknown>;
    try {
      header = JSON.parse(Buffer.from(rawHeader, "base64url").toString("utf8")) as Record<string, unknown>;
      payload = JSON.parse(Buffer.from(rawPayload, "base64url").toString("utf8")) as Record<string, unknown>;
    } catch {
      return null;
    }
    if (typeof header !== "object" || header === null || typeof payload !== "object" || payload === null) return null;
    if (header.alg !== "ES256") return null;
    const key = this.keys.find((k) => k.kid === header.kid);
    if (key === undefined) return null;
    const ok = verify("sha256", Buffer.from(`${rawHeader}.${rawPayload}`), { key: key.publicKey, dsaEncoding: "ieee-p1363" }, Buffer.from(rawSignature, "base64url"));
    return ok ? { header, payload } : null;
  }
}